On the requirements for the operation of solid municipal waste disposal sites

Solid waste landfills (hereinafter referred to as municipal solid waste landfills) are equipped environmental protection facilities located outside populated areas, intended for the centralized disposal of waste. Municipal solid waste landfills are a source of increased environmental pollution hazard and pose a potential risk of harmful effects on human health. Waste disposal is permitted only if current technological regulations are in place, which stipulate requirements for technological processes that prevent harmful impacts on the environment, human health, and property. The requirements for business entities operating municipal waste disposal facilities are set out in TКП 17.11-02-2024 (33040/33140) "Environmental Protection and Nature Management. Waste. Operation of Municipal Waste Disposal Facilities" (hereinafter referred to as TКП 17.11-02-2024 (33040/33140)". According to the requirements of TКП 17.11-02-2024 (33040/33140), it is necessary to ensure weighing and accounting of waste received for disposal, isolation of waste with soil, and local environmental monitoring in accordance with the procedure established by law. The municipal solid waste landfill must ensure visual control of the composition of waste received for disposal and isolation, accounting for waste received for disposal and isolation by weight in tons, as well as control over the prevention of secondary material resources (hereinafter referred to as SMR) disposal. Waste isolation at municipal solid waste landfills (covering waste layers with insulating materials) is an important process for preventing pollution (contamination) of environmental components by waste, products of their interaction, and/or decomposition. Soils, inert waste with a particle size less than 250 mm, and other materials in accordance with current technical regulatory legal acts serve as insulating materials. The soil material must consist of inert, non-combustible materials and may include sand, soil, gravel, etc. Animal carcasses and animal products, biologically hazardous, untreated (disinfected) medical waste, waste contaminated with radioactive substances, containing explosive components, production waste containing heavy metals, liquid waste, SMR, and waste of the first and second hazard classes are prohibited from disposal at municipal solid waste landfills. During the operation of landfills, annually by December 1, the entities operating the landfills develop action plans to prevent pollution of environmental components by waste, products of their interaction and decomposition for the next calendar year. Violation of the rules for the operation and maintenance of municipal solid waste landfills is considered a violation of waste management legislation, which entails administrative liability under Part 3 of Article 16.44 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Republic of Belarus, and for the disposal of SMR, administrative liability is provided for under Part 2 of Article 16.44 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Republic of Belarus.