Rules for providing assistance to a person who has fallen through the ice

Rules for assisting someone who has fallen through the ice:

- Inform the victim by shouting that you are coming to their aid; this will give them strength, hope, and confidence;

- Approach the victim only while lying down to avoid falling in yourself;

- Use planks, poles, shields, ropes, skis, tied clothing, belts, etc., as rescue equipment;

- Carefully pull the victim towards the shore in the direction from which they came;

- Act quickly and decisively, as the victim is losing strength, getting cold, and may sink under the ice;

- After retrieving the victim from the water, they must be immediately taken to a warm place and given first aid until a doctor arrives: calm them down, remove wet clothing, rub them down, dress them in dry clothes, and give them any hot drink.

Rules of conduct for someone who has fallen into an ice hole:

- Do not lose your head, do not panic;

- Call for help;

- Try to free yourself from outer clothing and shoes, discard heavy items;

- Lean on the ice with your elbows and, bringing your body into a horizontal position, try to throw the leg closest to the edge onto the ice, then by turning your body, pull out the second leg and quickly roll onto the ice;

- Without sudden movements, crawl away from the dangerous area as far as possible in the direction from which you came.

Safe time for a person to stay in water:
- at a water temperature of 24 °C, it is 7-9 hours;

- at a water temperature of 5-15 °C – from 3.5 to 4.5 hours;

- a water temperature of 2-3 °C is fatal for a person within 10-15 minutes.