In accordance with the Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus of February 7, 2006 No. 87 "On Certain Measures to Reduce Uncompleted and Unconserved Residential Houses and Cottages" (hereinafter referred to as Decree No. 87), the construction of capital structures in the form of a residential house or cottage must be completed within 3 years from the date of state registration of the right of private ownership, perpetual hereditary tenure, or lease of the land plot.
In this case, the completion of construction for the purposes of the aforementioned Decree No. 87 is recognized as the erection of the foundation, walls, and roof of the house or cottage, regardless of their commissioning.
Upon the application of the landowner, the construction period may be extended by no more than two years, taking into account their financial situation, illness, absence from the Republic of Belarus, and other valid reasons. An application for extension of the construction period may be submitted to the local executive and administrative body no earlier than six months and no later than two months before the expiry of the construction period. This same norm applies to owners and lessees of land plots. The right to extend the specified construction period can be exercised only once.
If it is not possible to complete the construction within the established period, including with its extension, the citizen is obliged to carry out the conservation of the unfinished construction object. Conservation can be carried out for a specific object only once for a period not exceeding three years.
At the same time, guided by Decree No. 87, local executive and administrative bodies are obliged to carry out work to identify uncompleted residential houses and cottages being erected in excess of the periods established by law. As a result of this work, land plots are identified where there is a foundation, partially erected walls, but further construction has not been carried out for a long time, and the plots are overgrown with weeds and woody vegetation.
Upon detection of such facts, land plots shall be subject to seizure in the manner prescribed by law, and unfinished residential buildings shall be purchased by the administrative-territorial unit or transferred to the relevant local executive committee by court decision for sale at public auction. Compensation for the costs of an unfinished capital construction to the owner shall be made at its appraised value, minus the expenses for conducting the appraisal and public auction.
Answer
The planning and development of settlements are regulated by construction norms SN 3.01.03-2020. Taking into account the amendments that came into force on November 28, 2023, clause 6.3 of SN 3.01.03-2020 stipulates:
6.3 Individual housing development. Urban planning requirements
6.3.1 The planning and development of individual housing development areas shall be carried out based on permissive documentation, in accordance with approved urban planning documentation.
6.3.2 The sizes of adjacent plots shall be determined in accordance with [5]. In doing so, the efficiency of land use, the specific features of settlements, the typology of residential buildings, the nature of development, and the conditions for its placement within the city structure shall be taken into account.
6.3.3
In settlements, depending on the specific urban planning conditions, the following types of individual housing development shall be applied:
– High-density individual housing development, envisaged in the conditions of reconstruction of territories of the largest, large, and big cities (plot area from 200 to 400 m2);
– Medium-density urban-type individual housing development, not providing for personal subsidiary farming, as a rule, cottage or terraced housing (plot area from 400 to 1000 m2);
– Low-density individual housing development, used in urban settlements (plot area from 1000 to 2500 m2);
– Low-density individual housing development, used in rural settlements (plot area of 2500 m2 and above).
6.3.4 Buildings for service facilities may be located on a household plot, provided that such placement does not contradict approved urban planning documentation, as well as [11].
6.3.5 In small towns, urban-type settlements, and rural settlements, for the purpose of rational land use and the formation of a comfortable living environment, functional zoning of the plot with the allocation of residential and utility zones may be provided. The residential zone includes: a dwelling house, a guest house, a front garden, a yard in front of the house, and part of the garden; the utility zone includes: part of the yard with utility buildings, storage sheds, a garage, a bathhouse, stationary greenhouses, a vegetable garden, and an orchard.
A landscaped dug pond or a non-draining pool may be provided on the household plot, taking into account the requirements of [20].
6.3.6 The distance from buildings and facilities on a household plot to the boundaries of an adjacent (adjoining) plot shall be taken, m, not less than*:
The construction of a new residential house and utility buildings, as well as the reconstruction of an existing residential house and utility buildings in areas of established homestead development, is permitted at distances of less than 3 m and 2 m, respectively, from the land plot boundary, provided there is notarized written consent from the adjacent landowner(s).
Existing residential houses and/or utility buildings located at a distance less than the normative shall be equipped with drainage devices that prevent rainwater runoff from roofs onto the territory of an adjacent (adjoining) plot.
6.3.7 Construction of a residential building and guest houses shall be carried out at a distance of at least 3 m from the red line established by urban planning documentation.
During the reconstruction of established manor development, the specified distance may be reduced, provided that the requirements of SN 3.03.06 and SN 2.04.01 are met.
6.3.8 The land plot on which the agro-ecotourism facility is located must have access roads, a landscaped adjacent territory taking into account the movement of physically weakened persons, as well as a parking area for cars.
Full Name Position / Status – from a detached residential building, guest house – 3; – from a landscaped dug pond, a non-draining pool – 3; – from utility buildings, pergolas and gazebos (height not exceeding 3 m) – 2. In accordance with paragraph 1 of Article 24 of the Law of the Republic of Belarus of July 18, 2011 No. 300-Z "On Citizens' and Legal Entities' Appeals", a book of remarks and suggestions is kept by an organization, an individual entrepreneur, selling goods, performing work, providing services in areas determined by the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus.
A book of remarks and suggestions is also kept by a separate division of the above-mentioned organization, which is located outside its main office, and at the places of sale of goods, performance of work, provision of services by the organizations, individual entrepreneurs mentioned above.
The list of areas for the sale of goods, performance of work, provision of services by organizations, individual entrepreneurs, in which a book of remarks and suggestions is kept, is determined by the Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus of November 12, 2025 No. 635 "On issues related to the consideration of citizens' and legal entities' appeals".
In areas of sale of goods, performance of work, provision of services by organizations, individual entrepreneurs, not specified in this resolution, keeping a book of remarks and suggestions is not provided for.
In accordance with paragraph 2 of Article 24 of the Law of the Republic of Belarus of July 18, 2011 No. 300-Z "On Citizens' and Legal Entities' Appeals", an organization, an individual entrepreneur are obliged to present the book of remarks and suggestions at the first request of the applicant.
Article 10.10 of the Code of the Republic of Belarus on Administrative Offenses establishes administrative responsibility for the absence of the book of remarks and suggestions or the failure to present the book of remarks and suggestions at the first request of a citizen.
The agreement specifies the cost of the apartment in Belarusian rubles and the terms of payment for the apartment. The agreement also provides for payment to the Seller (including by bank loan) to their settlement account opened with the bank, within the period stipulated by the agreement.
In reality, according to the provided documents, the settlement between the parties to the transaction (Buyer and Seller) was carried out as follows:
- the Seller received funds in the amount of 43% of the apartment cost by non-cash transfer to a settlement account opened with the bank, using the Buyer's loan funds;
- the Seller received funds in the amount of 57% of the apartment cost from the Buyer in cash. The fact of settlement was recorded in a simple written receipt.
Is the company accountant entitled to grant an individual tax deduction to an employee for the amount of expenses incurred by them based on a receipt, despite the fact that this form of payment was not provided for in the purchase and sale agreement?
Answer. The procedure for granting an individual tax deduction is regulated by the provisions of subparagraph 1.1 of paragraph 1 of Article 211 of the Tax Code of the Republic of Belarus (hereinafter referred to as the Tax Code).
The individual tax deduction established by subparagraph 1.1 of paragraph 1 of Article 211 of the Tax Code is granted based on the documents listed in paragraph 2 of Article 211 of the Tax Code, among which are documents confirming the actual payment of the purchase price of the apartment.
When applying an individual tax deduction for expenses incurred when purchasing an apartment, it is necessary to confirm the fact that the individual has incurred expenses related to the payment of the purchase price of the acquired apartment.
It should be noted that the terms of settlement between the seller and the buyer are determined by the purchase and sale agreement, and therefore its content is important.
Thus, if the agreement indicates that the payment was made by the buyer before or at the time of signing the purchase and sale agreement, then the parties to the transaction have recorded the fact of settlement in the agreement itself. Consequently, in such a case, the purchase and sale agreement is the document confirming the buyer's expenses for the payment of the purchase price of the acquired apartment.
If the sale and purchase agreement specifies that the payment will be made by the buyer after signing the agreement, this indicates that the parties have recorded their intention to settle (pay) for the apartment in the future.
In such cases, the documents confirming the actual expenses incurred by the buyer for the payment of the apartment's cost will be:
- if the buyer transfers cash funds - a receipt for the transfer of funds, drawn up between the parties to the transaction (seller and buyer), which will record the dates and amounts of settlements for the payment of the apartment's cost. According to Article 379 of the Civil Code of the Republic of Belarus (hereinafter referred to as the Civil Code), when settlements are made between individuals, the fulfillment of obligations is confirmed by a receipt for the receipt of fulfillment in full or in the relevant part. By virtue of the provisions of Articles 161 and 162 of the Civil Code, this receipt does not require notarization, is drawn up in writing, and may be in any form;
- if the buyer transfers funds in non-cash form to the seller's account - a bank payment document confirming the transfer of funds by the buyer to the seller's account.
In this regard, special attention should be paid to the nature of the funds transferred to the seller's bank account. As a rule, in such situations, the transferred funds are credit funds obtained from banks of the Republic of Belarus for the purchase of housing.
If the buyer uses credit funds for the final settlement for the acquired apartment, the right to receive an property tax deduction arises not from the moment the bank transfers the credit funds to the seller's account (settlement for the apartment), but from the moment the individual begins to incur expenses related to the repayment of the loan and interest on it.
It follows from the sale and purchase agreement attached to the request that at the time of its signing, no settlement had been made between the seller and the buyer. The agreement contains the intentions (agreement) of the parties to settle after signing the agreement, and the terms of settlement for the apartment within the period specified by the agreement are defined.
At the same time, despite the fact that the sales contract provides for payment for the apartment by transferring funds (including from a bank loan) to the seller's bank account, the settlement was actually made partly in cash and partly by transferring funds from the buyer's loan to the seller's bank account.
Thus, under such circumstances, the enterprise has the right to grant the employee a property tax deduction for the portion of expenses incurred by him for the payment of the apartment's cost in cash, confirmed by a receipt, regardless of the fact that such form of settlement was not provided for by the sales contract.
Furthermore, we draw attention to the fact that the taxpayer has the right to receive a property tax deduction as expenses for repaying the bank loan (including interest on it), actually spent on acquiring the apartment, based on documents confirming its repayment.
Inspection of the Ministry of Taxes and Duties of the Republic of Belarus for Novopolotsk
First Deputy
Head of Inspection O.B. Furgalova
To receive a subsidy, a separate structural subdivision (branch, representative office) of a legal entity, having a separate balance sheet and an independent taxpayer identification number, must apply to the local executive and administrative body at its place of registration, providing the documents specified in paragraphs two to five of part three of clause 1 of Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus of May 28, 2020 No. 178.
The documents for receiving subsidies shall indicate the details of the separate structural subdivision.
When submitting documents by officials of a branch (representative office), it is necessary to additionally provide written approval for receiving the subsidy from the parent organization in the form of a petition (in any form).
On January 17, 2020, the President of the Republic of Belarus signed Decree No. 15, according to which, effective January 1, 2020, the approach to granting preferential pensions has changed, and as of January 1, 2021, the rates of contributions for professional pension insurance will increase.
The Decree applies to individuals who are establishing their right to pensions for work under special working conditions and due to employment in certain professional activities. These include, in particular: civil aviation flight and engineering and technical personnel; textile production workers; female tractor drivers-machinists and male tractor drivers-machinists in agricultural production; passenger transport drivers; female operators of livestock and pig breeding complexes and mechanized farms, as well as milking machine operators; certain categories of artists; expedition, party, and detachment workers; professional athletes; and certain categories of medical and pedagogical workers.
Prior to the entry into force of the Decree, the period of professional service accumulated since January 1, 2009, in accordance with the norms of the Law of January 5, 2008, No. 322-Z "On Professional Pension Insurance" (hereinafter referred to as the Law on PPS) played a significant role in granting preferential pensions to the aforementioned categories of workers.
For reference: professional service is the duration of an employee's (insured person's) work under special working conditions, during which the employer paid contributions for professional pension insurance for them. The amounts of insurance contributions and the income from their investment accumulate in the professional part of the insured person's personal account.
As of January 1, 2020, the situation has changed for this category of workers. Now, having general work experience under adverse working conditions, the majority of which falls within the period before January 1, 2009, grants the right to an old-age labor pension for work under special working conditions or for length of service under the Law on Pension Provision, while the period of professional service accumulated after January 1, 2009, is not relevant.
Here are a few examples. The first: for a female public transport driver (tram, trolleybus, bus), labor legislation provides for a total preferential service record of at least 15 years for the appointment of a preferential pension, and if the major part of it is at least 7 years and 6 months during the period before January 1, 2009, then such an employee can count on an old-age pension for length of service earlier than the generally established retirement age by 5 years according to the pension provision law. The second: if a man working as a tractor driver-machinist in agricultural production, directly engaged in the production of agricultural products, for whom legislation provides for a total preferential service record of at least 20 years, the major part of which is at least 10 years and falls within the period before January 1, 2009, then this employee can also apply for an old-age pension for length of service.
For reference: for those employees who carried out their labor activity on a full-time basis in difficult and particularly difficult working conditions at certified workplaces - according to the lists of industries, jobs, professions, positions, and indicators, employment in which gives the right to an old-age pension for work in special conditions according to List No. 1 and List No. 2, a similar approach in determining the right to a preferential professional pension was provided for by Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus No. 441, and has been applied since October 1, 2013.
The appointment of old-age pensions for work in special conditions or for length of service under the Pension Provision Law is carried out by the labor, employment, and social protection departments of district (city) executive committees.
As for employees wishing to exercise their right to early retirement, who have no special service record before January 1, 2009, or whose special service record is less than half of the full preferential service record established by law, they will have the right to an early professional pension in accordance with the Law on PPS. In this case, all norms provided for by Article 11 of the Law on PPS must be observed: reaching the required age and having a professional work record.
It should be noted that such employees may also, instead of professional pension insurance, exercise their right to receive monthly supplements, in an amount not less than the contributions for professional pension insurance due for payment to the budget of the state non-budgetary social protection fund of the population, in accordance with the tariffs approved by legislation.
Employees who have more than half of their preferential service period worked before January 1, 2009, are not eligible for supplements.
Early professional pensions are appointed by the district departments of the Social Protection Fund. Decisions on supplements instead of professional pension insurance are made by employees jointly with the employer.
If contributions for professional pension insurance were made for an employee and they did not exercise their right to an early professional pension, or to a supplement instead of professional pension insurance, then upon reaching the generally established retirement age, they can apply to the Social Protection Fund for an additional professional pension. The payment period for such a pension is determined based on the amount of pension savings available in the professional part of the insured person's personal account on the day of application. The monthly payment amount is the subsistence minimum budget per capita, in effect in the month for which the payment is made (in February 2020, this was 239.87 rubles).
From January 1, 2021, the Decree also provides for an increase in the contribution rate for professional pension insurance. The list of tariffs is given in the Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus of January 10, 2009 No. 23 "On contribution rates for professional pension insurance" (as amended by Decree No. 15).
The increase in the tariff will allow for an increase in pension savings in the professional part of the individual personal accounts of insured persons, consequently, the amounts of early pensions or supplements instead of them will also increase, and for additional professional pensions, their payment period will increase.
Head of the Department of Professional Pension Insurance I.V. Efremova
If an individual plans to annually purchase and sell 3-4 apartments for profit, then in accordance with Article 1 of the Civil Code of the Republic of Belarus (hereinafter referred to as the Civil Code), entrepreneurial activity is defined as the independent activity of legal entities and individuals carried out by them in civil circulation in their own name, at their own risk, and under their own property liability, aimed at systematically obtaining profit from the use of property, the sale of goods produced, processed, or acquired by such persons for sale, as well as from the performance of work or the provision of services, if such work or services are intended for sale to others and are not used for personal consumption.
Article 22 of the Civil Code establishes that a citizen has the right to engage in entrepreneurial activity without forming a legal entity from the moment of state registration as an individual entrepreneur.
When qualifying the activity of an individual as entrepreneurial, all the aforementioned signs of such activity established by law are considered in aggregate. In this context, systematicity is understood as actions performed by a person two or more times, aimed at extracting profit as a result of the compensatory satisfaction of the needs of third parties.
The list of activities not considered entrepreneurial activity is contained in the fourth part of paragraph 1 of Article 1 of the Civil Code and paragraph 2 of Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus No. 151 of April 18, 2019 "On Amendments to Decrees of the President of the Republic of Belarus". At the same time, the activity of purchasing and selling residential premises (apartments) is not among the types of activities for which registration of an individual as an individual entrepreneur is not required.
Accordingly, such activity of an individual, carried out by them in civil circulation in their own name, at their own risk, and under their own property liability, and aimed at systematic (two or more times) profit generation, can be carried out provided that the individual is registered as an individual entrepreneur (or an organization is established).
Registration as an individual entrepreneur (establishment of a legal entity) is carried out in the manner prescribed by Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus of January 16, 2009 No. 1 "On State Registration and Liquidation (Cessation of Activity) of Business Entities".
1. What legislation governs the lease of state property.
- The legal regulation in the field of lease relations is provided for by the norms of Chapter 34 of the Civil Code of the Republic of Belarus, the Law of the Republic of Belarus of December 12, 1990 "On Lease", Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus of December 19, 2008 No. 24 "On Certain Issues of Leasing Capital Structures (Buildings, Structures), Isolated Premises, Parking Spaces", Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus of March 29, 2012 No. 150 "On Certain Issues of Leasing and Gratuitous Use of Property".
- Leasing of real estate is carried out in accordance with:
- - for republican property – the Regulation on the procedure for leasing capital structures (buildings, structures), isolated premises, parking spaces, parts thereof, approved by Decree No. 150; - for regional property – the Instructions approved by the decision of the Vitebsk Regional Council of Deputies of April 9, 2012 No. 178; - for the property of the city of Vitebsk – the Instructions approved by the decision of the Vitebsk City Council of Deputies of May 17, 2012 No. 149; - for real estate in district ownership – Instructions approved by decisions of local Councils of Deputies.
2. For what period can property be leased.
Subparagraph 1.1 of paragraph 1 of Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus of December 19, 2008 No. 24 establishes the minimum lease term – at least three years. The conclusion of lease agreements for a period of less than three years is allowed only with the consent of the lessees.
3. What is the rental rate established for the city of Vitebsk.
- The calculation of the rental rate for leased real estate is carried out in accordance with the Regulation on the Procedure for Determining the Rental Rate when Leasing Capital Structures (Buildings, Structures), Isolated Premises, Parking Spaces, and their Parts, approved by Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus of March 29, 2012 No. 150 "On Certain Issues of Lease and Gratuitous Use of Property".
- The rental rate for leased areas is established in basic rental rates.
- The following are taken into account when calculating the rental rate:
- - the basic rental rate, annually established by the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus. Since April 1, 2015, it has been set at 120 thousand rubles (Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus of February 27, 2015 No. 145); - the basic rate for settlements. The basic rate in accordance with Appendix 1 to the Regulation for the city of Vitebsk is 0.3; - the location coefficient of buildings and structures. The coefficient value is established by the decision of the Vitebsk Regional Executive Committee of June 26, 2012 No. 401 "On establishing coefficients for the location of buildings, structures, markets and shopping centers in the Vitebsk region"; - the coefficient of demand for real estate, its technical condition and commercial benefit, provided for in subparagraph 8.2 of paragraph 8 of the Regulation (value from 0.5 to 3 inclusive); - the coefficient established in accordance with Appendix 2 to the Regulation; - additional coefficients established in accordance with paragraph 9 of the Regulation; - the size of the leased area.
- Thus, the rental rate per 1 sq.m in the center of Vitebsk (location coefficient 1.0) can range from 18 thousand rubles (demand coefficient 0.5) to 108 thousand rubles (demand coefficient 3.0).
4. Who sets the demand coefficient.
The demand coefficient for real estate, provided for in subparagraph 8.2 of paragraph 8 of the Regulation, is established by the lessor in agreement with government bodies and other organizations that approve the lease of real estate.
Changes to the established coefficient in the current lease agreement are made by agreement of the parties and are also coordinated with the higher authority.
5. From what moment does the tenant start paying rent.
Rent is charged from the date of transfer of real estate to the tenant in accordance with the transfer act.
6. Can state property be provided for gratuitous use and to whom.
In accordance with subparagraph 2.12 of paragraph 2 of Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus No. 150 of March 29, 2012, state property may be provided for gratuitous use.
The list of legal entities and individual entrepreneurs to whom state property is provided for gratuitous use is contained in the appendix to the Decree. For example, according to paragraph 9 of the appendix, property is provided for gratuitous use to legal entities and individual entrepreneurs under obligations to create jobs, formalized by contract.
7. The amount of rent for trading places in shopping centers and markets.
- The procedure for determining the amount of rent when leasing trading places in markets and shopping centers owned by the state is established by the Regulations on the procedure for determining the amount of rent when leasing capital structures (buildings, structures), isolated premises, and their parts in markets and shopping centers for organizing and conducting retail trade, approved by Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus No. 150 of March 29, 2012.
- The rent shall cover the accrued depreciation, taxes, fees, other mandatory payments made to the budget by lessors of trading places in accordance with the legislation, and costs associated with the maintenance and operation of the trading facility, except for expenses provided for in the first part of paragraph 7 of these Regulations (hereinafter referred to as costs associated with the maintenance and operation of the trading facility).
- When setting increase coefficients:
- - expenses related to the maintenance and operation of the trading facility are determined in accordance with the legislation; - the size of the lessor's profit, ensuring profitability not exceeding 30 percent, is taken into account, to the sum of accrued depreciation, taxes, fees, other mandatory payments paid to the budget by lessors of trading places in accordance with the legislation, expenses related to the maintenance and operation of the trading facility.
- In addition to rent, lessees of trading places are obliged to pay for water supply, sewerage, heating, energy and gas supply, elevator use, solid waste removal and disposal services at tariffs established in accordance with the legislation, based on actual costs according to agreements concluded by the lessor with third-party organizations for the provision of these services.
- The amount of rent for trading places in markets and shopping centers of private ownership is determined independently by the property owner, guided by the Civil Code of the Republic of Belarus.
In accordance with Article 292 of the Tax Code of the Republic of Belarus (hereinafter referred to as the Tax Code), payers of a single tax are recognized as individual entrepreneurs, as well as individuals who do not carry out entrepreneurial activities.
Article 295 of the Tax Code defines the types of activities that individuals can carry out without registering as individual entrepreneurs. In particular, these include "cleaning and tidying of residential premises", "care for adults and children, washing and ironing of bed linen and other items in citizens' households, walking pets and caring for them, purchasing products, washing dishes and preparing food in citizens' households, paying for the use of residential premises and housing and communal services from the funds of the serviced person, mowing grass on lawns, clearing green areas of leaves, mowed grass and debris, burning garbage".
For these types of activities, by Decision No. 222 of the Vitebsk Regional Council of Deputies dated October 12, 2017 "On Amending the Decision of the Vitebsk Regional Council of Deputies dated December 15, 2016 No. 161", the rates of a single tax from individuals per month have been established, which are 59 rubles and 26 rubles, respectively, in the city of Novopolotsk.
It is possible to carry out these types of activities without registering as an individual entrepreneur, provided that the following conditions are met simultaneously:
1) you are not a foreigner who is temporarily residing and temporarily staying in Belarus;
2) you carry out the work yourself without involving other persons under labor and (or) civil law contracts;
3) you perform work for individuals, i.e., citizens.
In accordance with paragraph 2 of Article 295 of the Tax Code, before commencing activities recognized as a taxable object of a single tax in the tax period, individuals submit a written notification to the tax authority at their place of residence, indicating the types of activities they intend to carry out, as well as the period and place of activity.
In
When providing services to office cleaning companies, it is necessary to register as an individual entrepreneur. Revenue generated from such activities is subject to taxation under the general tax regime in accordance with Chapter 16 of the Tax Code or under the simplified tax system in accordance with Chapter 34 of the Tax Code.
Inspection of the Ministry of Taxes and Levies of Novopolotsk
On July 4, President of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko signed Decree No. 240 "On State Support for Citizens in the Construction (Reconstruction) of Residential Premises".
In addition to the existing preferential housing construction loan system, a new type of state support for citizens in need of improved housing conditions is being introduced – state subsidies.
State subsidies will be provided for the payment of part of the interest on housing construction loans obtained by citizens from any commercial bank (recipients of subsidies will be all citizens entitled to state support in accordance with Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus of January 6, 2012 No. 13), and for large families, young families and orphans – also for the repayment of the principal debt (large families with four or more children, 100%; with three children under 23 years of age living with parents (studying in educational institutions) – 95%; orphans – 35%; young families upon the birth of the first and second child, 10% and 20% of the principal debt, respectively).
Citizens will be invited to the district executive committee in order of priority, where the terms of state support under Decree No. 240 will be explained. Taking into account the family composition and the living space owned, the maximum loan amount that can be allocated to those in need of improved housing conditions, as well as the subsidy amount, will be determined. If a citizen, having submitted an application, agrees to participate in this system, the executive committee makes a decision on subsidizing the family. With this decision, the person goes to the bank for further document processing. Currently, Belarusbank and Belagroprombank will operate within the system of targeted housing subsidies. If such a loan agreement is concluded, it is sent back to the district executive committee, and from the next month after the agreement is concluded, the subsidy is accrued to the citizen. It is paid in cashless form to the citizen's account in the relevant bank and repays either part of the interest or the principal debt, depending on the category of citizens.
In accordance with clause 9.3.2 of the Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus of April 26, 2010 No. 200 "On Administrative Procedures Carried Out by State Bodies and Other Organizations Upon Applications of Citizens", the issuance of permits for the reconstruction of individual residential buildings and non-residential outbuildings on the adjacent territory falls within the competence of local executive and administrative bodies at the location of the land plot.
The procedure for obtaining a permit for the reconstruction of a residential building was determined until May 22, 2013 by clause 4 of Chapter 2 of the Regulations on the Procedure for Reconstruction of Single-Apartment, Blocked Residential Buildings and Non-Residential Outbuildings on the Adjacent Territory, approved by the Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus of December 31, 2006 No. 1805.
From May 22, 2013, the Regulations on the Procedure for Reconstruction of Multi-Apartment, Blocked, and Single-Apartment Residential Buildings (hereinafter referred to as the Regulations), approved by the Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus of May 16, 2013 No. 384, came into force. According to these Regulations, the reconstruction of a multi-apartment, blocked, single-apartment residential building, residential and (or) non-residential premises within it, as well as non-residential outbuildings (hereinafter referred to as "reconstruction") is a set of works and measures aimed at using this building, premises, and non-residential outbuildings for a new purpose and (or) related to changes in their main technical and economic indicators and parameters.
The procedure for obtaining a permit for the reconstruction of a residential building is determined by clause 4 of Chapter 2 of the Regulations on the Procedure for Reconstruction of Multi-Apartment, Blocked, and Single-Apartment Residential Buildings.
In accordance with the specified Regulations, the approval of the reconstruction project is carried out by the territorial department of architecture and urban planning at the location of the land plot upon the submission of the developer.
The relocation of existing established development during reconstruction or new construction on a household land plot can only be carried out in accordance with current technical normative legal acts.
During reconstruction or new construction, the placement of residential buildings and utility outbuildings on household land plots must be carried out in accordance with TKP 45-3.01-117-2008 "Urban Planning. Areas of Homestead Housing Construction. Planning and Development Standards", which came into force on July 1, 2009.
According to clause 6.2.8 of TKP 45-3.01-117-2008, utility buildings should be located at a distance of at least 1 m from the boundaries of the neighboring plot, a detached residential building - at least 3 m, fruit and ornamental trees - 3 m, shrubs - 1 m.
Before the introduction of this document, the placement of residential buildings and utility buildings on household land plots was carried out in accordance with SNB 3.01.04-02 "Urban planning. Planning and development of settlements" and Manual P1-97 to SNiP 2.07.01-89 "Planning and development of areas of individual housing construction in settlements of the Republic of Belarus" (valid from 1989 to July 1, 2009).
In accordance with clause 13 of the Regulation on the procedure for conducting state expertise of urban planning, architectural and construction projects, investment justifications for construction, approved by the Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus dated 08.10.
In accordance with the Law of the Republic of Belarus of January 9, 2002 "On Consumer Protection" (hereinafter referred to as the Law), the seller is obliged to transfer goods of proper quality to the consumer upon conclusion of the sales contract.
In case of detection of defects in the goods, the consumer has the right, at his choice, to demand one of the requirements specified in Article 20 of the Law:
- replacement of defective goods with goods of proper quality;
- proportionate reduction of the purchase price of the goods;
- free repair;
- reimbursement of repair costs;
- refund for defective goods.A loan agreement can be concluded in both notarial and simple written form. The Civil Code stipulates that a borrower's receipt or any other document confirming the transfer of money as a loan may be presented in confirmation of the loan agreement. However, this does not exempt the parties from their right to have the agreement notarized. Only the procedure for debt recovery in case of non-repayment will differ. In the event of the borrower's refusal to fulfill a notarized agreement, the debt amount will be recovered from them based on a notary's executive inscription without recourse to court. In other cases, a state duty of 5% of the amount charged will have to be paid.
In accordance with Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus No. 1 of January 16, 2009 "On State Registration and Liquidation (Cessation of Activity) of Business Entities", the location of a private unitary enterprise, a peasant (farmer) holding may be a residential premises (apartment, dwelling house) of an individual – owner of the property of the private unitary enterprise, head of the peasant (farmer) holding (hereinafter referred to as residential premises) in one of the following cases:
• the residential premises are owned by him (are in shared or joint ownership) – with the consent of the other owner (all owners), as well as all adult members of his family (and members of the families of all owners) residing in these premises;
• he permanently resides in the residential premises (except for residential premises of the state housing fund), as evidenced by an entry in the identity document, or information in the registration card, – with the consent of the owner (all owners) of the residential premises of the private housing fund, as well as all adult family members of the owner (all owners) residing in these premises.
In this case, the owner of the residential premises shall be charged for utility services and other payments related to the operation of such premises in the manner determined by the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus.
The conduct of production activities (performance of work, provision of services) in residential premises, which serve as the location of a private unitary enterprise, a peasant (farmer) holding, is not permitted without transferring these premises to non-residential status in the manner prescribed by law.
Additionally, a residential premises (apartment, dwelling house) may be the location of a commercial organization established by an individual entrepreneur in accordance with the Law of the Republic of Belarus No. 365-Z of April 22, 2024 "On Amendments to Laws on Entrepreneurial Activity" if one of the following grounds is met:
the residential premises are owned by the individual who established the commercial organization (are in shared or joint ownership) – with the consent of the other owner (all owners), as well as all adult members of his family (members of the families of all owners) registered at the place of residence in these premises;
an individual who has established a commercial organization and is registered at their place of residence in a residential premises (except for residential premises of the state housing fund) – with the consent of the owner (all owners) of the residential premises of the private housing fund, as well as all adult family members of the owner (members of the families of all owners) registered at their place of residence in this premises.
The use of residential premises as the location of a commercial organization established by an individual entrepreneur does not constitute grounds for changing the procedure for calculating and paying for housing and communal services, reimbursing the expenses of organizations that operate the housing stock and (or) provide housing and communal services for electricity consumed for lighting common areas and operating equipment in apartment buildings, as well as the procedure for providing non-cash housing subsidies established by legislative acts.
In the event of the termination of an individual's rights in relation to a commercial organization established by them, the use of residential premises as the location of this organization, if the grounds specified in the first part of this paragraph are present, is not permitted, unless otherwise provided by legislative acts.
The question is answered by Sergey Leonidovich Vorotynsky, Head of the Inspection of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection of the Rossony District Executive Committee:
– There are two state republican заказники (nature reserves) in the Rossony district – "Sinsha" and "Krasny Bor". The regime of use of these заказники is determined by the Resolutions of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus. This means that citizens visiting them must adhere to a certain recommended behavior, taking into account the specific prohibitions and restrictions established in these territories. I would like to remind you that заказники are specially protected natural areas. Given this special status, nature users – citizens and legal entities – are very limited in their right to use these objects.
In addition to restrictions on lighting fires, parking vehicles, and recreation areas (all these issues are regulated by decisions of district executive committees), there is also a ban on the movement and parking of vehicles off public roads. For example, we have the "Sinsha" заказник, which has public roads "Zaborie – Perezvoz" and "Zaborie – Nozhnitsy". Each of them has its own number, and vehicles are allowed to travel on them within the заказники, including for citizens and legal entities. Other roads are internal, intended for vehicles moving for various environmental protection and logging activities. Other subjects are prohibited from driving vehicles! Accordingly, parking vehicles off public roads is also prohibited, except for places specifically equipped for these purposes, established by a decision of the district executive committee. For example, in the "Zolotye Peski" recreation area, a parking lot has been equipped near Lake Volobo. I would also like to remind our citizens that even in a permitted parking area, you cannot park your vehicle closer than 30 meters from the shoreline of a water body.
Therefore, all vehicle movement within the заказники is permitted only on public roads. Otherwise, in accordance with administrative legislation, liability arises, namely, for violation of the protection and use regime of specially protected natural areas, a fine of 4 to 35 base units is imposed on the offender citizen, up to 100 base units on an individual entrepreneur, and up to 500 base units on a legal entity.
It is time to get used to the fact that the use of natural resources in specially protected areas is restricted by law, and, consequently, responsibility for violating the regime of use of these objects will inevitably follow!
Professional training of unemployed individuals is carried out upon referral by labor, employment, and social protection authorities in cases where:
- it is impossible to find suitable employment due to the unemployed individual's lack of necessary qualifications (specialty);
• it is necessary to change profession (specialty, occupation) due to the absence of work corresponding to the unemployed individual's existing professional skills;
• the unemployed individual has lost the ability or has developed contraindications to perform work in their previous profession (specialty).
• Training of unemployed individuals includes the implementation of the following adult continuing education programs:
• educational program for vocational training of workers (employees);
• educational program for retraining of workers (employees);
• educational program for retraining of managers and specialists with higher education;
• educational program for retraining of managers and specialists with secondary specialized education;
• educational program for professional development of managers and specialists;
• educational program for professional development of workers (employees);
• educational programs for training courses.
- it is impossible to find suitable employment due to the unemployed individual's lack of necessary qualifications (specialty);
You are eligible to acquire citizenship of the Republic of Belarus in accordance with the Agreement between the Republic of Belarus and Ukraine on the simplified procedure for changing citizenship for citizens of the Republic of Belarus permanently residing in Ukraine, and citizens of Ukraine permanently residing in the Republic of Belarus, as you are a native of Belarus.
In accordance with the current legislation, citizens of Ukraine who have been deregistered from Ukraine to the Republic of Belarus and have officially processed their departure for permanent residence from Ukraine to the Republic of Belarus have the right to apply for Belarusian citizenship under this Agreement. Newly arrived individuals in the Republic of Belarus must possess a document confirming the absence of a criminal record from their country of previous residence.
On June 12, 2014, the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus adopted Resolution No. 571 "On Approval of the Regulations on the Procedure for Calculating and Paying for Housing and Communal Services and for the Use of Residential Premises of State Housing Stock, on Amendments and Additions to Resolutions of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus, and on the Repeal of Resolutions of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus and their Structural Elements". In accordance with this document, citizens who use more than one residential premises are entitled to pay for communal services at a preferential tariff only at the place of permanent registration of the owner or their family members. In all other premises, "economically justified tariffs" must be applied. This means that where no one is registered, payment is made at full cost.
Thus, a preferential tariff is established only at the place of permanent registration. As a rule, a dacha is not a place for permanent residence and registration. Therefore, its owners pay for housing and communal services at "economically justified tariffs", i.e., at full cost. Currently, the cost of a 50-liter cylinder of liquefied gas for those registered in residential premises is 90,900 rubles, and for those not registered, it is 212,100 rubles. The cost per kilowatt-hour for those registered in residential premises without hot water supply and natural gas is 953.8 rubles (for the first three hundred kilowatt-hours of electricity) and 1,239.9 rubles (for over three hundred kilowatt-hours), and for those not registered in residential premises with similar conditions, it is 1,467.5 rubles. The cost of water for those registered in residential premises is 1,453 rubles (if the house has a water meter) and 8,685 rubles per cubic meter (if there is no water meter). The cost per cubic meter of water is the same for unregistered owners of residential premises. Unregistered owners of residential premises also pay more for waste removal. Specifically, a fee of 14,976 rubles is charged monthly per resident, while each registered family member pays 12,088 rubles.
For additional and more detailed information, please contact specialized organizations: UP ZhKKh, RPU "Rossonyraygaz", and the Energy Sales Branch of RUP "Vitebskenergo".
On February 4, 2015, the Ministry of Housing and Communal Services adopted Order No. 5 "On Certain Issues of Performing Current Repairs of the Housing Stock." Now, all repair work in the entrances of apartment buildings is carried out at the expense of the residents. In accordance with the adopted document, the frequency of current repairs is determined taking into account the minimum duration of effective operation of the structural elements and engineering systems of the residential building, established by TKP 45-1.04-14-2005, from the moment they are put into operation after new construction or the last repair.
The decision on current repairs of entrances is made by a commission created at the district executive committee. A general meeting of the residents of the apartment building is held. Based on the results of the meeting, a protocol is drawn up reflecting all decisions made, and residents are also invited
- The third reason for obtaining a document certifying the right to a land plot is to protect the plot from unlawful or negligent encroachments by adjacent landowners, thereby ensuring the ability to know the exact boundaries of one's land plot on the ground, to mark them for all neighbors, as well as to determine the placement of economic buildings on one's own plot, as well as on the land plots of adjacent landowners, in compliance with established norms and rules. For consultations on оформление of documents for a land plot, please contact the land management sector of the Rossony District Executive Committee by phone 5 16 82, 5 12 63.
Three reasons why every citizen needs to apply for the registration and issuance of a document certifying their right to a land plot.
Just as a passport is a document that certifies a citizen's identity, containing essential identification details about each person, allowing for the unambiguous determination of their name, surname, patronymic, as well as gender, age, place of residence, and other information, a document is also issued for a land plot that certifies a citizen's right of use. This document allows for the determination of the plot's boundaries on the ground, its size, and most importantly – the legal owner, confirming the legitimacy of the plot's use! The first reason why a citizen needs to obtain a land document is to certify and secure their right to use a specific land plot, as well as to ensure this right for their heirs. When purchasing any non-unique item in a store, a buyer always wants to pay only for the weight of the goods they are buying and not a gram more. The use of a land plot is subject to payment, except for cases established by law where benefits are provided or exemption from land payment is granted. The absence of a document certifying the right to a land plot means that the land user of this plot, while making land tax payments, never knows its exact actual area. This area can only be determined as a result of land management works during the registration of the land title document. The second reason is the necessity to make payments for the actual area of the land plot used by the citizen, rather than based on the information from a technical passport for a household property, issued many, many years ago, sometimes even in the last century without measurements, or based on information from household registers that only indicate approximate plot sizes of citizens. The acquisition of property or goods is always documented (contracts, invoices, warranty cards, and others) which confirm the acquisition of the goods or property by a specific citizen, protecting and safeguarding it from encroachments by other persons.